{"id":1415,"date":"2026-09-28T21:51:22","date_gmt":"2026-09-28T13:51:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.puriactives.com\/en\/?p=1415"},"modified":"2026-09-28T21:51:22","modified_gmt":"2026-09-28T13:51:22","slug":"puriactives-s-glucan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.puriactives.com\/en\/?p=1415","title":{"rendered":"PuriActives\u00ae S-Glucan"},"content":{"rendered":"

PuriActives\u00ae S-Glucan<\/h2>\n

Sulfated polysaccharide technology for sensitive and stressed skin<\/p>\n

01 \u00b7 THE FORMULATION CHALLENGE \u00b7 THE CHALLENGE<\/p>\n

Efficacy keeps advancing \u2014 tolerability has not kept up<\/h2>\n

High-efficacy actives \u2014 retinoids, exfoliating acids, vitamin C \u2014 remain the strongest drivers of visible skincare results, and are also among the most common triggers of stinging, visible redness and barrier stress. For a growing number of consumers, the bottleneck of a skincare routine is no longer efficacy, but how much stress the skin can withstand<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Everyday stress scenarios that amplify skin reactivity<\/h3>\n

\u25cf Retinoid adjustment periods and over-exfoliation<\/p>\n

\u25cf Acid peels and high-strength vitamin C routines<\/p>\n

\u25cf UV, pollution and climate-change stress<\/p>\n

\u25cf Aesthetic procedures \u2014 laser, peels, microneedling<\/p>\n

\u25cf Shaving and daily mechanical friction<\/p>\n\n\n\n
60\u201370%of women self-report some degree of sensitive skin; 50\u201360% of men do as wellFarage MA, Cosmetics, 2019<\/td>\n44.6%of American adults self-report “sensitive” or “very sensitive” skin in a representative national surveyMisery L et al., Int J Dermatol, 2011<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Formulation insight:<\/b> every high-efficacy system now needs a built-in tolerability strategy \u2014 starting at the ingredient level.<\/p>\n

02 \u00b7 MARKET CONTEXT \u00b7 THE MARKET<\/p>\n

Sensitive skin & barrier repair: a structural growth engine<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
$80.3BDermocosmetic skincare market size in 2031, up from $50.3B in 2025 \u2014 an 8.1% CAGR; dermatology-backed skincare is going mainstreamMordor Intelligence, 2026 edition<\/td>\n+9.9%Forecast CAGR of the sensitive-skin segment (2026\u20132031) \u2014 the fastest-growing skin-need trackMordor Intelligence, 2026 edition<\/td>\n$12.6BRepairing skincare market size in 2036, growing from $6.9B in 2026, driven by post-procedure and post-retinoid care demandFuture Market Insights, 2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The formulation trends behind the numbers<\/h3>\n

Barrier-first skincare \u00b7 post-procedure and post-laser repair \u00b7 “skinimalism” \u2014 fewer, better-validated ingredients<\/p>\n

Recovery after retinoids and acids \u00b7 skin resilience as a claim territory \u00b7 dermatologist-channel daily care<\/p>\n

The opportunity:<\/b> advanced soothing and repair actives are no longer a niche add-on \u2014 they are becoming shared formulation infrastructure for sensitive-skin and high-efficacy products alike.<\/p>\n

03 \u00b7 INGREDIENT INTRODUCTION \u00b7 THE INGREDIENT<\/p>\n

Meet PuriActives\u00ae S-Glucan<\/h2>\n

“Answering skin repair with a sulfated polysaccharide.”<\/p>\n

PuriActives\u00ae S-Glucan is a low-molecular-weight sulfated polysaccharide<\/b> \u2014 the sodium salt of sulfated dextran \u2014 developed for modern soothing, anti-redness, barrier-support and post-stress repair formulations.<\/p>\n

Sulfating the dextran backbone converts a neutral, passive polysaccharide into a strong polyanionic macromolecule<\/b>, fundamentally changing its interaction profile: high negative charge density, strong water binding, protective-film formation, and electrostatic interactions with positively charged proteins and inflammatory mediators.<\/p>\n

The result is an ingredient category of its own \u2014 not a renamed \u03b2-glucan, but a next-generation repair active<\/b> with published evidence across inflammatory, vascular and sensitive-skin models.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
INCI name<\/td>\nSodium Dextran Sulfate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS No.<\/td>\n9011-18-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molecular weight<\/td>\n9\u201320 kDa standard grade \u00b7 4\u20138 kDa grade<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Appearance<\/td>\nWhite to off-white powder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Solubility<\/td>\nReadily soluble in water<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Recommended use level<\/td>\n0.05\u20130.20%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

04 \u00b7 CATEGORY DEFINITION \u00b7 THE CATEGORY<\/p>\n

S-Glucan is not “just another glucan”<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

What sulfation changes:<\/b> it converts a passive hydrating polysaccharide into an interactive, bioactive polyanion \u2014 a different chemical and functional category, not a line extension of \u03b2-glucan.<\/p>\n

05 \u00b7 SCIENTIFIC IDENTITY \u00b7 THE SCIENCE<\/p>\n

From dextran to sodium dextran sulfate<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

01 \u00b7 The backbone<\/b><\/h3>\n

Dextran is a fermentation-derived branched glucose polymer dominated by \u03b1-1,6 glycosidic linkages \u2014 a neutral, uncharged polysaccharide.<\/p>\n

02 \u00b7 The chemical modification<\/b><\/h3>\n

Sulfation replaces backbone \u2013OH groups with sulfate ester groups (\u2013O\u2013SO\u2083\u207b Na\u207a), yielding a strongly anionic polymer with high charge density.<\/p>\n

03 \u00b7 The functional outcome<\/b><\/h3>\n

The polyanion binds water, forms a hydrating surface film, and interacts electrostatically with cationic proteins and inflammatory mediators.<\/p>\n

06 \u00b7 WHY CHARGE MATTERS \u00b7 WHY CHARGE MATTERS<\/p>\n

A polyanionic structure built for biological interaction<\/h2>\n

Electrostatic interaction.<\/b> The dense sulfate charges interact with positively charged proteins and signaling mediators \u2014 including those that drive inflammatory amplification at the skin surface.<\/p>\n

Glycosaminoglycan-like properties.<\/b> Sulfated polysaccharides echo the polyanionic logic of the heparin-family glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are known to bind chemokines and modulate leukocyte\u2013endothelium interactions.<\/p>\n

Charge density correlates with bioactivity.<\/b> For anionic polymers, inhibition of inflammatory-cell invasion has been shown to correlate with anionic charge density \u2014 and dextran sulfate is the preferred, most active polymer class (US5605938, 1997).<\/p>\n

A macromolecular comfort film.<\/b> Strong hydrophilicity supports surface hydration, moisture retention and protective-film formation, buffering stressed skin against environmental exposure.<\/p>\n

PUBLISHED EVIDENCE SIGNAL<\/p>\n

\u221266%<\/p>\n

reduction in neutrophil migration<\/b> observed with dextran sulfate in a biological assay \u2014 direct proof that a sulfated polyanion can intervene in inflammatory-cell trafficking.<\/p>\n

Patent FR2877565A1 \u2014 non-therapeutic use of dextran sulfate to reduce skin reactions<\/p>\n

Neutrophil influx is an early amplifier of visible irritation and post-stress redness. Restraining this step helps keep the skin’s inflammatory response proportionate to the stress it receives.<\/p>\n

07 \u00b7 MECHANISM OVERVIEW \u00b7 MECHANISM OVERVIEW<\/p>\n

One molecule, four layers of support<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Each layer is supported by published in-vitro evidence on sodium dextran sulfate or mechanistically related sulfated polysaccharides \u2014 detailed in the following sections.<\/p>\n

08 \u00b7 MECHANISM 1 \u2014 INFLAMMATORY SIGNALING \u00b7 MECHANISM 1<\/p>\n

Quietening the inflammatory microenvironment<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Key experimental findings<\/h3>\n

\u25cf \u221242%<\/b> TNF-\u03b1-induced NF-\u03baB activation (3 mg\/mL, p<0.01) \u2014 WO2020201492A1<\/p>\n

\u25cf Strong inhibition of IL-1\u03b1 and IL-8<\/b> (10 \u00b5g\/mL) \u2014 Hernandez-Pigeon et al., 2018<\/p>\n

\u25cf Reduced KLK5 and MMP-9 mRNA<\/b> (stressed keratinocytes) \u2014 Hernandez-Pigeon et al., 2018<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u221266% neutrophil migration<\/b> \u2014 FR2877565A1<\/p>\n

09 \u00b7 EVIDENCE \u2014 SENSITIVE & ATOPIC-PRONE SKIN \u00b7 THE EVIDENCE<\/p>\n

Concentration-dependent inhibition of TSLP and IL-8<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

The experimental model<\/h3>\n

Normal human epidermal keratinocytes were pre-incubated with sodium dextran sulfate (MW 9\u201320 kDa), then stimulated for 24 hours with Poly I:C + PamC3 + IL-4 + IL-13<\/b> \u2014 mimicking an atopic inflammatory environment. TSLP and IL-8 were measured by ELISA; n = 3; p < 0.01 (vs. stimulated control).<\/p>\n

Why it matters<\/h3>\n

\u25cf TSLP<\/b> is the core alarmin released by stressed keratinocytes \u2014 it initiates the “itch\u2013inflammation” cascade characteristic of reactive, atopic-prone skin.<\/p>\n

\u25cf IL-8<\/b> is the key chemokine recruiting neutrophils into stressed skin.<\/p>\n

\u25cf S-Glucan shows activity at microgram-per-milliliter concentrations<\/b> \u2014 consistent with a high-potency, low-dose soothing active.<\/p>\n

10 \u00b7 MECHANISM 2 \u2014 REDNESS & VASCULAR RESPONSE \u00b7 MECHANISM 2<\/p>\n

Addressing the visible face of inflammation \u2014 redness<\/h2>\n

Visible redness is the downstream sign of the “inflammation\u2013vascular” loop: lipid mediators dilate microvessels, while VEGF fuels vascular hyper-reactivity. In keratinocyte models of redness-prone skin, dextran sulfate acts on both arms of this loop \u2014 inflammatory mediators and the VEGF vascular axis<\/b>. In a peer-reviewed study of actives for redness-prone skin (a rosacea-relevant in-vitro model), dextran sulfate was the multi-target soothing component of the system.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

The model systems<\/h3>\n

\u25cf PGE2<\/b> \u2014 PMA-stimulated keratinocytes<\/p>\n

\u25cf VEGF<\/b> \u2014 LL-37 \/ FSL-1 \/ TNF-\u03b1 redness environment<\/p>\n

\u25cf Tube-like formation<\/b> \u2014 VEGF-induced microvessel formation in endothelial\/fibroblast co-culture<\/p>\n

11 \u00b7 MECHANISM 3 \u2014 BARRIER REPAIR \u00b7 MECHANISM 3<\/p>\n

Calmer skin recovers faster<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

The repair logic<\/h3>\n

Persistent low-grade inflammation keeps keratinocytes in a defensive state, blocking orderly epidermal recovery. By down-regulating alarmin and cytokine release, S-Glucan helps the epidermal environment shift from defense back to repair<\/b> \u2014 supporting barrier recovery and day-after-day resilience.<\/p>\n

Evidence boundaries<\/h3>\n

\u25cf Direct evidence:<\/b> mediator inhibition in stressed keratinocytes (TSLP, IL-8, IL-1\u03b1, NF-\u03baB).<\/p>\n

\u25cf Mechanistic inference:<\/b> barrier-repair benefit follows the “inflammation\u2013barrier” axis described in the dermatological literature.<\/p>\n

\u25cf Ongoing at PuriPharm:<\/b> a barrier-biomarker program (filaggrin, loricrin) on the 9\u201320 kDa standard grade.<\/p>\n

12 \u00b7 BENEFIT ARCHITECTURE \u00b7 THE BENEFITS<\/p>\n

From mechanism to visible skin benefits<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n
Immediate skin comfortHelps calm stressed and reactive skinHelps reduce the appearance of visible rednessHelps relieve the look and feel of irritation<\/td>\nSensitive skin supportDesigned for fragile, reactive skinHelps progressively improve skin toleranceSupports recovery after environmental or cosmetic stress<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Barrier repairSupports epidermal recovery after stressHelps rebuild skin resilienceComplements ceramide and lipid barrier-repair systems<\/td>\nPost-efficacy recoveryPartner active for retinoid and acid routinesHelps improve the tolerability of high-efficacy systemsSupports long-term adherence to results-driven regimens<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Benefit statements are intended for cosmetic applications, anchored to the in-vitro evidence presented in the mechanism sections, and do not constitute therapeutic claims for any skin disease.<\/p>\n

13 \u00b7 DIFFERENTIATION \u00b7 THE DIFFERENCE<\/p>\n

S-Glucan vs. conventional \u03b2-glucan<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Dimension<\/th>\nConventional \u03b2-glucan<\/th>\nPuriActives\u00ae S-Glucan<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Structural class<\/td>\nNeutral \/ partially branched glucan<\/td>\nSulfated polyanionic polysaccharide<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Backbone<\/td>\n\u03b2-1,3 \/ \u03b2-1,6 glucose polymer<\/td>\n\u03b1-1,6 dextran backbone, sulfate-esterified<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Charge density<\/td>\nLow \u2014 essentially uncharged<\/td>\nHigh negative charge density (\u2013OSO\u2083\u207b Na\u207a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Interaction profile<\/td>\nHydration, moisturizing comfort<\/td>\nIonic & protein interactions; inflammatory-mediator modulation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Evidence focus<\/td>\nHydration, comfort<\/td>\nTSLP \/ IL-8 \/ IL-1\u03b1, NF-\u03baB, PGE2, VEGF, neutrophil migration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Positioning<\/td>\nClassic soothing polysaccharide<\/td>\nNext-generation sulfated repair active<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

S-Glucan belongs to a distinct chemical and functional category<\/b> \u2014 it should be evaluated on its own evidence base, not treated as a line extension of \u03b2-glucan.<\/p>\n

14 \u00b7 FORMULATION STRATEGY \u00b7 FORMULATION STRATEGY<\/p>\n

The tolerability partner for high-efficacy systems<\/h2>\n

The discomfort that limits retinoid, acid and vitamin C routines is inflammatory in nature \u2014 it runs through the very mediators S-Glucan down-regulates in vitro: PGE2, IL-1\u03b1, IL-8 and NF-\u03baB<\/b>. Pairing the high-efficacy engine with a repair active lets a formula preserve efficacy while improving comfort, adherence and repurchase.<\/p>\n

Positioning principle:<\/b> efficacy must be balanced with tolerability \u2014 build both into the same formulation chassis.<\/p>\n

In the keratinocyte redness model, PGE2 was reduced by 68\u201370% and VEGF completely inhibited \u2014 precisely the mediator signature of active-induced irritation.<\/p>\n

Designed to partner with<\/h3>\n

\u25cf Retinoids<\/b> \u2014 retinol, retinal and their derivatives<\/p>\n

\u25cf Exfoliating acids<\/b> \u2014 AHA \/ BHA \/ PHA systems<\/p>\n

\u25cf Vitamin C<\/b> \u2014 high-strength antioxidant serums<\/p>\n

\u25cf Dark-spot systems<\/b> \u2014 tone-evening routines<\/p>\n

\u25cf Blemish-care actives<\/b> \u2014 drying, keratolytic formulas<\/p>\n

\u25cf Post-procedure routines<\/b> \u2014 after laser, peels, microneedling<\/p>\n

S-Glucan is strongly anionic; combinations with cationic conditioning agents require formulation verification \u2014 see the Formulation Guidance section.<\/p>\n

15 \u00b7 APPLICATIONS \u00b7 APPLICATIONS<\/p>\n

Where S-Glucan delivers the most value<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Anti-redness serumsTargets the PGE2 \/ VEGF inflammation\u2013vascular axis behind visible redness.<\/td>\nDaily care for sensitive skinTSLP \/ IL-8 modulation for daily routines for reactive and atopic-prone skin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Post-procedure & post-laser careSupports the recovery environment after energy-based procedures and peels.<\/td>\nRetinoid & acid recovery productsThe tolerability partner inside high-efficacy formulation chassis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
After-sun & anti-pollution careA comfort film and mediator control after environmental stress.<\/td>\nSoothing masks & facial mistsWater-based formats are a natural fit for a readily water-soluble polyanion.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Eye contour careThin skin with visible vasculature; dextran sulfate compositions are patented for redness, puffiness and the eye contour (US6562355B1).<\/td>\nScalp soothing careSensitive scalp and the anti-dandruff-adjacent space \u2014 an emerging need.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
After-shave careLow use levels calm mechanical-stress reactions.<\/td>\nMinimalist gentle concepts”Skinimalist” formulas built around a single, well-characterized molecule.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Formats span serums, creams, gels, lotions, essences, masks, mists and scalp lotions \u2014 the molecule is format-agnostic in aqueous systems.<\/p>\n

16 \u00b7 FORMULATION GUIDANCE \u00b7 FORMULATION GUIDANCE<\/p>\n

Working with a strong polyanion<\/h2>\n

Simple to use<\/h3>\n

\u25cf Readily soluble in water and salt solutions<\/b> \u2014 add to the water phase under conventional stirring.<\/p>\n

\u25cf Wide pH window:<\/b> reported stable in pH 4\u201310 solutions at room temperature, covering essentially all leave-on formats.*<\/p>\n

\u25cf Low dose, low texture impact:<\/b> effective at 0.05\u20130.20%; virtually no effect on viscosity or skin feel at these levels.<\/p>\n

\u25cf Compatible with nonionic and anionic systems<\/b> \u2014 conventional emulsions, gels, serums and mists.<\/p>\n

Verify before scale-up<\/h3>\n

\u25cf Cationic ingredients:<\/b> polyquaterniums, cationic surfactants and cationic conditioning polymers may form complexes with a strong polyanion \u2014 check clarity and stability.*<\/p>\n

\u25cf Positively charged peptides<\/b> \u2014 verify compatibility case by case.*<\/p>\n

\u25cf High levels of multivalent metal ions<\/b> \u2014 evaluate in the final formulation chassis.*<\/p>\n

\u25cf Grade selection:<\/b> molecular weight (9\u201320 vs. 4\u20138 kDa) and degree of sulfation both affect activity and solution behavior \u2014 fix the grade before locking the formula.<\/p>\n

* Marked items require confirmation in the PuriPharm applications laboratory for the specific grade and formulation chassis; a full compatibility matrix is available on request.<\/p>\n

17 \u00b7 PRODUCT PROFILE \u00b7 PRODUCT PROFILE<\/p>\n

PuriActives\u00ae S-Glucan \u2014 specification summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Product name<\/td>\nPuriActives\u00ae S-Glucan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INCI name<\/td>\nSodium Dextran Sulfate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS No.<\/td>\n9011-18-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Appearance<\/td>\nWhite to off-white powder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Active content<\/td>\n\u2265 95% (on dry basis)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molecular weight<\/td>\n9\u201320 kDa (standard grade); 4\u20138 kDa grade available on request<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Solubility<\/td>\nReadily soluble in water<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Recommended use level<\/td>\n0.05\u20130.20% (typical); patent literature supports 0.01\u20130.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Quality control<\/td>\nSEC\/GPC for molecular weight; elemental analysis \/ ICP-OES for sulfur content; ion chromatography for free sulfate \u2014 documented per batch on the CoA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Microbiology & heavy metals<\/td>\nControlled to cosmetic ingredient standards<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The degree of sulfation is defined per grade and documented batch-by-batch on the Certificate of Analysis (CoA), rather than stated as a single generic value \u2014 see the Quality & Analytics section.<\/p>\n

18 \u00b7 QUALITY & ANALYTICS \u00b7 QUALITY & ANALYTICS<\/p>\n

Not all sodium dextran sulfate is equal<\/h2>\n

Sodium dextran sulfate is a distribution-defined polymer<\/b>: even with identical INCI and CAS, differences in molecular weight, molecular-weight distribution, degree of sulfation and free-sulfate residue all change protein binding, ionic strength, viscosity and bioactivity. S-Glucan is therefore defined by a dual-axis specification \u2014 molecular weight \u00d7 degree of sulfation<\/b> \u2014 never by INCI alone.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Batch-level analytical control<\/h3>\n

\u25cf SEC \/ GPC<\/b> \u2014 Mw, Mn and polydispersity for every batch<\/p>\n

\u25cf Elemental analysis \/ ICP-OES<\/b> \u2014 total sulfur content<\/p>\n

\u25cf Ion chromatography<\/b> \u2014 free sulfate residue<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u00b9H \/ \u00b9\u00b3C NMR<\/b> \u2014 backbone and sulfation-site confirmation<\/p>\n

\u25cf FTIR<\/b> \u2014 characteristic S=O and C\u2013O\u2013S bands<\/p>\n

\u25cf Moisture, ash, sodium content, conductivity<\/b> \u2014 batch-to-batch consistency<\/p>\n

Defined structure \u2192 defined performance:<\/b> every batch of S-Glucan ships with the complete analytical fingerprint a formulator needs to reproduce results.<\/p>\n

19 \u00b7 KEY TAKEAWAYS \u00b7 KEY TAKEAWAYS<\/p>\n

Why formulators choose S-Glucan<\/h2>\n

01\u3000A category of its own, not another glucan.<\/b> Sulfation converts a neutral polysaccharide into a strong polyanionic repair active with a fundamentally different interaction profile.<\/p>\n

02\u3000A multi-target, literature-backed mechanism.<\/b> Concentration-dependent inhibition of TSLP and IL-8; inhibition of IL-1\u03b1, KLK5 and MMP-9; reduced NF-\u03baB activation; up to 66% less neutrophil migration.<\/p>\n

03\u3000Active on both arms of the redness loop.<\/b> In published keratinocyte and co-culture models: PGE2 reduced by 68\u201370%, VEGF completely inhibited, and VEGF-driven microvessel formation reduced by 47\u201354%.<\/p>\n

04\u3000The tolerability partner modern formulas need.<\/b> Purpose-built for sensitive skin, post-procedure care and high-efficacy retinoid\/acid systems \u2014 at use levels of just 0.05\u20130.20%.<\/p>\n

05\u3000Defined by science, not traded as a commodity.<\/b> A dual-axis molecular weight \u00d7 sulfation specification with full batch analytics from PuriPharm \u2014 reproducible performance, batch after batch.<\/p>\n

20 \u00b7 REFERENCES \u00b7 REFERENCES<\/p>\n

Sources and scientific basis<\/h2>\n

Peer-reviewed literature<\/h3>\n

1. Hernandez-Pigeon H, Garidou L, Galliano M-F, et al. Effects of dextran sulfate, 4-t-butylcyclohexanol, pongamia oil and hesperidin methyl chalcone on inflammatory and vascular responses implicated in rosacea. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2018;11:405\u2013414. doi:10.2147\/CCID.S168621<\/p>\n

2. Misery L, Sibaud V, Merial-Kieny C, Taieb C. Sensitive skin in the American population: prevalence, clinical data, and role of the dermatologist. Int J Dermatol. 2011;50(8):961\u2013967.<\/p>\n

3. Farage MA. The prevalence of sensitive skin. Cosmetics. 2019;6(2):26.<\/p>\n

Patent literature<\/h3>\n

4. WO2020201492A1 \/ CN113766922A \u2014 dextran sulfate and compositions thereof for inflammatory skin conditions; TSLP \/ IL-8 \/ NF-\u03baB experimental data, 2020.<\/p>\n

5. FR2877565A1 \u2014 non-therapeutic use of dextran sulfate for preventing and\/or reducing skin reactions; neutrophil migration experimental data, priority 2004.<\/p>\n

6. US6562355B1 \u2014 dextran sulfate \/ escin compositions for skin redness, puffiness and sensitive skin, including eye contour care, 2003.<\/p>\n

7. US5605938 \u2014 anionic polymers inhibiting cell invasion; activity correlated with anionic charge density, 1997.<\/p>\n

Market data<\/h3>\n

8. Mordor Intelligence. Dermocosmetics Skin Care Products Market \u2014 Size, Share & Forecasts (2026\u20132031). 2026 edition.<\/p>\n

9. Future Market Insights. Repairing Skin Care Treatments Market Forecast and Outlook 2026 to 2036. 2026.<\/p>\n

The in-vitro data cited in the mechanism sections originate from sodium dextran sulfate of the same INCI category as PuriActives\u00ae S-Glucan; the data characterize the technology platform, were redrawn from the cited sources, and the values were not altered.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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