PuriActives® AcneZero — Multi-Pathway Botanical Blemish Care System
PURIACTIVES® MULTI-BOTANICAL BLEMISH CARE SYSTEM
AcneZero 痘必清
A Multi-Pathway, Botanical Synergy System for Blemish-Prone Skin
From Single-Target to Multi-Pathway Care
SebumInflammationOxidative StressMicrobiomeSoothing & Barrier
PuriPharm Co., Ltd.B2B technical & marketing material · For cosmetics industry professionals only
CONTENTS
A complete evidence chain from mechanism to commercial value
| 01 | Understanding Blemish-Prone Skin — The Mechanism Map of a Multifactorial Skin Condition |
| 02 | Product Overview — Composition, Positioning & the Phospholipid-Based Active System |
| 03 | The Five Axes — Ingredient-Level Scientific Evidence & Mechanisms |
| 04 | Botanical Actives in Focus — Scientific Profiles of Seven Plant Extracts |
| 05 | Synergy · Claims · Applications — From Evidence Grading to B2B Value |
Evidence grading: A = AcneZero’s own product data; B = published ingredient literature; C = reasonable extrapolation from ingredient information. Ingredient-level literature results are not equivalent to finished-product efficacy.
01
Understanding Blemish-Prone Skin
Acne is not a simple “bacterial problem.” It is a multifactorial condition in which sebum production, follicular keratinization, microbes, inflammatory cascades and oxidative stress intertwine — and this is exactly where single-target solutions reach their limits.
In this chapter ｜ The acne pathogenesis network · The oxidative-stress amplifier · The limits of single-target care
Acne Pathogenesis: A Network of Five Mutually Amplifying Pathways
01 UNDERSTANDING BLEMISH-PRONE SKIN ｜ ACNE PATHOGENESIS
| ① Excess sebum production | IGF-1 / androgen signaling drives sebaceous lipid synthesis via PI3K–Akt–mTORC1, providing the substrate for downstream oxidation and microbial imbalance. |
| ② Abnormal follicular keratinization | Lipid peroxides (e.g., squalene monohydroperoxide) promote keratinocyte hyperproliferation; the follicle becomes plugged and microcomedones form. |
| ③ Microbes & dysbiosis | Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) overgrows in anaerobic, lipid-rich follicles and activates innate immunity via TLR2; biofilms and resistant strains make management harder. |
| ④ Inflammatory cascade amplification | The TLR2／TLR4 → NF-κB／MAPK pathway drives the release of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, determining redness, swelling, pain and the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. |
| ⑤ Oxidative stress & lipid peroxidation | UV, pollution and microbes jointly trigger sebum oxidation; oxidized lipids in turn aggravate abnormal keratinization and inflammation — the network’s “amplifier.” |
Mechanistic framework: Cong TX, et al. Arch Dermatol Res. 2019;311(5):337-349. DOI:10.1007/s00403-019-01908-x; Dréno B, et al. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018;32(Suppl 2):5-14; Condrò G, et al. Pharmaceuticals. 2023;16(12):1704.
The Underestimated Amplifier: Squalene Peroxidation
01 UNDERSTANDING BLEMISH-PRONE SKIN ｜ SQUALENE PEROXIDATION
Squalene accounts for about 10–15% of sebum lipids, and its multiple double bonds make it highly prone to oxidation into squalene monohydroperoxide — a strongly comedogenic compound. In vivo studies confirm that both squalene and its peroxidized forms are significantly higher in acne-prone skin than in healthy skin, correlating positively with sebum output and porphyrin intensity; acne-prone skin also shows higher transepidermal water loss (TEWL), indicating an impaired barrier.
Reading the chart: squalene peroxidation is higher in inflammatory lesion areas than in non-inflammatory areas — lipid peroxidation moves in the same direction as inflammation, forming a vicious cycle of “oxidation → inflammation → more oxidation.”
Implications for formulation strategy
· “Antibacterial only” cannot break the oxidation cycle — antioxidant and anti-lipid-peroxidation design must be part of anti-blemish formulations;· The barrier of blemish-prone skin is already compromised, so efficacy systems must be both low-irritation and barrier-friendly;· Oxidation management is also linked to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) risk — the shared foundation of “fighting acne” and “post-blemish recovery.”
Data redrawn from: Condrò G, Sciortino R, Perugini P. Squalene peroxidation and biophysical parameters in acne-prone skin: a pilot “in vivo” study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023;16(12):1704. DOI:10.3390/ph16121704 (mechanistic background literature, not data on this product)
The Ceiling of Single-Target Solutions Is Exactly the Opportunity for Multi-Pathway Care
01 UNDERSTANDING BLEMISH-PRONE SKIN ｜ UNMET NEEDS
| Challenges of traditional single-pathway approaches | The answer from multi-pathway botanical synergy |
|---|---|
| Antibiotic pathway — C. acnes resistance keeps rising; long-term use faces resistance and microbiome disturbance;Retinoid pathway — effective for keratinization, but irritation, dryness and peeling limit use on sensitive, blemish-prone skin;Single-botanical pathway — usually covers only “antibacterial” or “anti-inflammatory,” hardly matching acne’s multifactorial mechanism;The overlooked link — oxidative stress and barrier damage have long been absent from the anti-acne narrative, yet directly affect recurrence and post-blemish condition. | ● Division of labor across ingredients: different botanicals act on sebum, inflammation, oxidation, microbes and the barrier — covering the mechanistic network rather than a single point;● Non-antibiotic antimicrobial strategy: plant-derived actives (e.g., berberine-type alkaloids) show C. acnes inhibition and anti-biofilm potential in the literature, avoiding the antibiotic-resistance narrative;● Cosmetics-compliant storytelling: framed as “blemish-prone skin care / oil control / soothing,” within cosmetic claim boundaries;● Gentle enough for daily use: product safety data support no skin irritation and no eye irritation, suiting long-term care scenarios. |
Note: the left column is background at the level of literature and industry consensus, used to explain formulation design logic; it is not an evaluation of any pharmaceutical regimen. The “non-antibiotic antimicrobial strategy” on the right is ingredient-level literature evidence (Grade B).
Background: Cong TX, et al. Arch Dermatol Res. 2019;311(5):337-349; Sun L, et al. Front Microbiol. 2023;14:1276383. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1276383; product safety: AcneZero MSDS v1.1 (Grade A)
02
Product Overview ｜ AcneZero
Seven botanical actives × a phospholipid-based active system: with the ingredient list and MSDS as the highest factual basis, defining a modern anti-blemish ingredient by mechanistic division of labor rather than “single-point sterilization.”
In this chapter ｜ Positioning · Eleven-component formula · Phospholipid-based active system · The five-axis master model
Positioning: A Multi-Pathway Ingredient for Blemish-Prone Skin Management
02 PRODUCT OVERVIEW ｜ PRODUCT IDENTITY
PuriActives® AcneZero is a multi-botanical anti-blemish ingredient developed by PuriPharm for cosmetics customers worldwide. Its active core combines seven botanical extracts — Canarium album (olive) leaf extract, bioflavonoids, Salvia miltiorrhiza extract, Gardenia jasminoides fruit extract, Mahonia fortunei extract, silymarin, and Stevia rebaudiana leaf/stem extract — carried by a phospholipid-based active system, covering five axes: sebum – inflammation – oxidation – microbiome – barrier. It is not a “single sterilizing molecule,” but an evidence-graded, multi-pathway solution.
| Product information (per MSDS v1.1) | |
|---|---|
| Trade name | AcneZero 痘必清 (PuriActives® brand) |
| Intended use | Cosmetic skincare ingredient (B2B industrial use) |
| Appearance & odor | Yellow liquid, characteristic odor |
| Solubility | Water-soluble (20°C) |
| Storage | 4–25°C, protect from light |
| Safety | No skin irritation, no eye irritation (MSDS data, Grade A) |
| Regulatory status | Listed in China’s Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (IECIC) |
| Document version | MSDS v1.1 (2019-07-13) |
POSITIONING IN ONE SENTENCE
“From single-target anti-acne to multi-pathway blemish-prone skin management.”
· Target customers: cosmetics brands, formulators, OEM/ODM R&D teams· Suitable dosage forms: serums, toners, lotions, masks and other water-based systems· Claim framework: oil control · soothing · microbiome balance · antioxidant · barrier support · post-blemish tone care
Product information: PuriPharm AcneZero MSDS v1.1 and AcneZero Ingredient List (internal documents, Grade-A factual basis). Please confirm recommended dosage and compatibility parameters with the PuriPharm technical team.
Eleven Components: A Formula You Can Read Mechanistically
02 PRODUCT OVERVIEW ｜ COMPOSITION
| Component (INCI) | CAS No. | Typical value (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Canarium Album Leaf Extract | — | 2.5 |
| Bioflavonoids | 61788-55-4 | 3.0 |
| Salvia Miltiorrhiza Extract | 90106-50-6 | 2.5 |
| Gardenia Jasminoides Fruit Extract | 92457-01-7 | 3.5 |
| Mahonia Fortunei (Chinese mahonia) Extract | — | 3.0 |
| Silymarin | 22888-70-6 | 0.5 |
| Stevia Rebaudiana Leaf/Stem Extract | 91722-21-3 | 5.0 |
| Phospholipids | 123456-35-0 | 5.0 |
| Glycerin | 56-81-5 | 38.0 |
| Propylene Glycol | 57-55-6 | 31.5 |
| Aqua (Water) | 7732-18-5 | 5.5 |
Formula structure (grouped by typical values)
· Botanical actives total 20% and phospholipids 5%, forming the functional “active + delivery” layer;· Glycerin, propylene glycol and water form the humectant solvent base, also responsible for mildness and system stability.
Data source: PuriPharm AcneZero Ingredient List and AcneZero MSDS v1.1 (Grade A — the highest factual basis, never modified for marketing). Values shown are typical values from the company’s ingredient list; specification ranges are detailed in the product ingredient list.
The Phospholipid-Based Active System: A Classic Skin-Affinity Delivery Strategy
02 PRODUCT OVERVIEW ｜ PHOSPHOLIPID-BASED ACTIVE SYSTEM
AcneZero builds its active-carrier system on 5% phospholipids. Phospholipids share a natural affinity with stratum corneum lipids and are a classic skin-friendly delivery and stabilization strategy in cosmetic science, helping water- and oil-soluble botanical actives coexist stably in one system.
● Skin-lipid affinity: the phospholipid bilayer is homologous to stratum corneum lipids, favoring spreading and retention of actives on the skin surface;● Classic delivery evidence: as early as 1980, Mezei and Gulasekharam showed that a phospholipid system (liposomal lotion) increased skin delivery of triamcinolone acetonide to 4–5× that of an ointment base — laying the literature foundation for phospholipids in dermal delivery;● Multi-phase stability: the emulsifying and dispersing capacity of phospholipids supports the uniform coexistence of seven botanicals with the water-based vehicle;● Barrier-friendly: phospholipids themselves are mild, skin-lipid-related ingredients, matching the fragile-barrier needs of blemish-prone skin.
Hydrophilic heads · facing the water phaseHydrophobic tails · carrying lipophilic activesHydrophilic heads · facing the water phase
Schematic: phospholipid bilayer structure (self-drawn illustration)
Claim boundary: AcneZero is a Phospholipid-based Active System. This material makes no liposome, nanovesicle or nano-delivery claims for it; liposome-related literature is cited only as classic supporting evidence for the dermal-delivery value of phospholipid systems.
Reference: Mezei M, Gulasekharam V. Liposomes — a selective drug delivery system for the topical route of administration. Life Sci. 1980;26:1473-1477 (Grade-B background evidence). Phospholipid content: AcneZero Ingredient List (Grade A).
The AcneZero Five-Axis Model
02 PRODUCT OVERVIEW ｜ MULTI-PATHWAY MODEL
AcneZero ｜ Seven botanicals × phospholipid-based system
| A1 Sebum management | Mahonia (berberine) · olive leaf · bioflavonoidsTargeting SREBP-1／PPAR-γ lipid-synthesis signaling |
| A2 Inflammation management | Salvia · gardenia fruit · bioflavonoids · olive leaf · steviaTargeting the TLR2/4 → NF-κB／MAPK inflammatory cascade |
| A3 Oxidative-stress management | Silymarin · bioflavonoids · olive leaf · steviaScavenging free radicals and inhibiting sebum lipid peroxidation |
| A4 Microbiome management | Mahonia (berberine) · salvia · silymarinNon-antibiotic C. acnes management and biofilm inhibition |
| A5 Soothing & barrier support | Stevia · phospholipids · gardenia fruitTight-junction protein and skin-friendly lipid support |
The model summarizes mechanistic division of labor based on published ingredient literature (combined Grade B/C evidence); it is not a clinical-trial conclusion for this product. Axis-by-axis evidence is detailed in Chapter 3. Composition: AcneZero Ingredient List (Grade A).
03
The Five Axes · Ingredient-Level Scientific Evidence
Each axis answers a formulation question: which ingredient, acting on which step, with evidence from where, and how strong. All data are annotated with study models and literature sources.
In this chapter ｜ A1 Sebum · A2 Inflammation · A3 Oxidative stress · A4 Microbiome · A5 Soothing & barrier
Axis 1 · Sebum Management: Regulating Lipid-Synthesis Signaling
03 THE FIVE AXES ｜ AXIS 1 · SEBUM CONTROL
Key signaling axis of sebum synthesis (mechanistic background)
IGF-1 / androgens → PI3K–Akt → SREBP-1／PPAR-γ → Excess sebum
Ingredient-level evidence (sebocyte models)
Berberine (marker compound of Mahonia)｜ Grade BIn SZ95 human sebocytes, 40 μM berberine significantly downregulated the key lipogenic enzymes FASN and DGAT1, reduced fatty-acid and triglyceride secretion, and inhibited NF-κB p65 activation (J Inflamm Res, 2025).
Olive leaf extract｜ Grade C (literature species Olea europaea, extrapolation reference)In SEB-1 sebocytes it significantly inhibited linoleic-acid-induced lipid accumulation without cytotoxicity, and downregulated AKT／ERK phosphorylation and PPAR-γ／SREBP-1 expression (Curr Issues Mol Biol, 2026).
Mechanistic benchmark: EGCG (polyphenol)｜ literature benchmarkReduced sebum synthesis in SEB-1 cells via AMPK–SREBP-1 and improved acne in an 8-week randomized split-face human trial (J Invest Dermatol, 2013) — validating the clinical feasibility of the “botanical polyphenols regulate sebum” pathway.
Division of labor in AcneZero: Mahonia extract (berberine source; botanical basis in Chapter 4) ｜ olive leaf extract (polyphenols; sebum-regulation extrapolation reference) ｜ bioflavonoids (polyphenol-family synergy)
Sources: Berberine inhibits acne-related lipid secretion and inflammation by regulating the hsa-miR-3150a-3p/TP53 pathway. J Inflamm Res. 2025; Kim J, et al. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2026;48(6):549. DOI:10.3390/cimb48060549; Yoon JY, et al. J Invest Dermatol. 2013;133(2):429-440; Cong TX, et al. 2019 (signaling-axis background)
Axis 2 · Inflammation Management: Intercepting the TLR → NF-κB Cascade
03 THE FIVE AXES ｜ AXIS 2 · INFLAMMATION
The C. acnes-triggered inflammatory cascade (mechanistic background)
C. acnes & its products → TLR2／TLR4 → NF-κB／MAPK → IL-1β · IL-6 · IL-8 · TNF-α → Redness · lesions · PIH
Interception point 1: the receptor layer (TLR2／TLR4 downregulation)Quercetin (representative bioflavonoid)｜ Grade B In C. acnes-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes, THP-1 and RAW264.7 cells, it inhibited inflammatory cytokine release and downregulated TLR2, p38／ERK／JNK phosphorylation and MMP-9, with in vivo anti-inflammatory validation in a mouse-ear model (Int Immunopharmacol, 2021).
Interception point 2: the signaling layer (TAK1／NF-κB inhibition)Tanshinone IIA (marker compound of Salvia)｜ Grade B Concentration-dependently inhibited LPS-induced MCP-1, IL-6, TNF-α and NO production, downregulated TLR4 expression, and suppressed TAK1 phosphorylation and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation (Int J Mol Med, 2019).
Why “multiple interception points” beat single-point inhibition:· Acne inflammation is driven in parallel by multiple receptor–signaling routes; blocking a single node is easily bypassed;· In the literature, AcneZero’s botanicals act at different levels — TLR2 (quercetin), TLR4／TAK1 (tanshinone IIA, geniposide), NF-κB (stevioside, berberine);· This multi-point division of labor is the design logic of the product’s inflammation-management axis (see the evidence matrix below).
Sources: Lim HJ, et al. Int Immunopharmacol. 2021;96:107557. DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107557; Meng Z, et al. Int J Mol Med. 2019;43(4):1847-1858. DOI:10.3892/ijmm.2019.4100; cascade background: Cong TX, et al. 2019; Dréno B, et al. 2018
Inflammation-Management Evidence Matrix: Five Ingredients, Four Interception Layers
03 THE FIVE AXES ｜ AXIS 2 · EVIDENCE MATRIX
| Ingredient / marker | Study model | Key results | Reference (Grade B) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Quercetin (representative bioflavonoid) | C. acnes-stimulated HaCaT／THP-1／RAW264.7; mouse-ear model | ↓IL-6／IL-8／TNF-α; ↓TLR2, p38／ERK／JNK, MMP-9 | Lim et al. Int Immunopharmacol. 2021 |
| Tanshinone IIA (Salvia marker) | LPS-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells | ↓MCP-1／IL-6／TNF-α／NO; ↓TLR4–TAK1–NF-κB | Meng et al. Int J Mol Med. 2019 |
| Gardenia fruit extract / geniposide | LPS-induced inflammation models; in vivo zebrafish model | ↓IL-1β／IL-6／TNF-α; ↓TLR4 signaling, NF-κB p65／MAPK | Chen et al. Exp Ther Med. 2021; Song et al. Inflammation. 2014 |
| Stevioside (stevia marker) | Cellular oxidative-inflammation model | ↓IL-6／IL-8／TNF-α; ↓NF-κB／IκB／ERK1/2 phosphorylation | Xu et al. Antioxidants. 2023 |
| Berberine (Mahonia marker) | C. acnes mouse-ear acne model | ↓Ear-tissue IL-6／IL-1β／TNF-α; reduced ear thickness and colonizing bacterial load | Sun et al. Front Microbiol. 2023 |
How to read: the above are published ingredient-level studies (Grade B) covering cell, zebrafish and mouse in vivo models; they support the mechanistic division of labor of ingredients in the formula and are not equivalent to finished-product human efficacy conclusions for AcneZero. A baicalin rabbit-ear acne study (Yang et al. 2019) provides parallel evidence for flavonoid anti-inflammation.
Full citations are listed in the References at the end ([6][12][13][15][4][17]).
Axis 3 · Oxidative-Stress Management: Protecting Sebum from Oxidation
03 THE FIVE AXES ｜ AXIS 3 · OXIDATIVE DEFENSE
Squalene peroxidation is the amplifier connecting “oiliness” and “inflammation.” AcneZero’s antioxidant axis is built on four polyphenol systems — silymarin, bioflavonoids, olive leaf and stevia — with literature evidence covering free-radical scavenging, antioxidant-enzyme upregulation and lipid-peroxidation inhibition.
Silymarin｜ Grade BA classic flavonolignan antioxidant. A human study of a silymarin-containing antioxidant serum showed reduced skin lipid peroxidation, plus improvement in acne-related erythema and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (J Drugs Dermatol, 2024). → Human clinical data in Chapter 4 (Silymarin)
Stevioside｜ Grade BAt 250 μM in cell models, stevioside significantly reduced ROS and MDA (a lipid-peroxidation marker) while upregulating T-SOD, CAT and GSH-Px antioxidant enzymes, and inhibited NF-κB／ERK1/2 phosphorylation (Antioxidants, 2023).
Olive-leaf polyphenols + bioflavonoids｜ Grade B/COleuropein reduced ROS in a UVB model (Grade-C extrapolation; literature species Olea europaea); the ortho-dihydroxyl structure of bioflavonoids confers strong radical-scavenging capacity, with efficiency linked to the C2–C3 double bond and 4-carbonyl features (structure–activity review, 1999).
Breaking the vicious cycle: the antioxidant axis directly reduces the formation of squalene-peroxidation substrates — lowering the upstream drive of abnormal keratinization while cutting the continuous fuel that oxidized lipids supply to the inflammatory cascade. This is the structural difference between AcneZero and “oil-control-only, sterilization-only” solutions.
Sources: J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(4). DOI:10.36849/JDD.8120; Xu Q, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023;12(5):1070. DOI:10.3390/antiox12051070; Zhang DQ, et al. Food and Fermentation Industries. 1999;25(6):52-57; Kim J, et al. 2026
Axis 4 · Microbiome Management: A Non-Antibiotic Antimicrobial Pathway
03 THE FIVE AXES ｜ AXIS 4 · MICROBIOME BALANCE
Data redrawn from the original table of Sun et al. 2023 (4 strains including ATCC reference and clinical isolates); inhibition-zone diameters 32.07–35.27 mm. The reference antibiotic doxycycline in the same study had an MIC of 0.31 μg/mL — berberine is a plant-derived, non-antibiotic molecule whose value lies in avoiding the antibiotic-resistance narrative.
Beyond inhibition: biofilms and in vivo validation● Anti-biofilm: 10–60 μM berberine concentration-dependently inhibited C. acnes growth and biofilm formation, and downregulated cell-wall synthesis genes murC／murD／mraY／murG (Front Microbiol, 2023; J Inflamm Res, 2025);● In vivo model: in a C. acnes mouse-ear model, berberine reduced ear thickness, ear weight and colonizing bacterial load, with ear-tissue IL-6／IL-1β／TNF-α declining in parallel;● Tanshinone synergy: a review reports tanshinones’ inhibitory and anti-biofilm activity against C. acnes (including resistant strains) (Fitoterapia, 2025);● Silymarin support: improvements in lesions and microbiome-related indices were observed in human studies (see Chapter 4).
From “sterilization” to “microbiome balance”: modern dermatology no longer pursues total sterilization, but manages C. acnes overgrowth and biofilms. A plant-derived, multi-target antimicrobial strategy is consistent with this philosophy — and does not constitute an antibiotic-type claim.
Sources: Sun L, et al. Front Microbiol. 2023;14:1276383. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1276383 (in vitro + mouse-ear model, Grade B); J Inflamm Res. 2025 (SZ95 cells, Grade B); Zhang T, et al. Fitoterapia. 2025 (review). Ingredient literature data, not measured on this product.
Axis 5 · Soothing & Barrier: The Safety Foundation of Blemish Care
03 THE FIVE AXES ｜ AXIS 5 · SOOTHING & BARRIER
The problem: the barrier of blemish-prone skin is inherently fragile. In vivo research shows that TEWL (transepidermal water loss) is significantly higher in acne-prone skin than in healthy skin — the stratum corneum barrier is impaired (Pharmaceuticals, 2023). This means an anti-blemish ingredient that adds irritation would instead worsen redness and discomfort: mildness is not a bonus, but the entry ticket.
AcneZero’s triple barrier-friendly design● Stevia (stevioside)｜ Grade B: upregulates tight-junction proteins claudin-1, occludin and ZO-1, supporting barrier integrity (Antioxidants, 2023);● Phospholipid system｜ Grade A/B: a skin-lipid-homologous, skin-friendly structure combining active carrying with barrier care;● Glycerin–propylene glycol humectant base｜ Grade A: a classic humectant pair that relieves the dryness and flaking common in blemish-prone skin.
| 0Skin irritation(MSDS conclusion: no skin irritation) | 0Eye irritation(MSDS conclusion: no eye irritation) |
Product-owned safety data ｜ Grade A · Source: PuriPharm AcneZero MSDS v1.1 — one of the few Grade-A (product-owned) data points in this material.
What this means for formulators:· Suitable for formulas positioned for sensitive, blemish-prone skin and long-term daily care;· The soothing narrative is backed by ingredient-level barrier literature, not just a “mildness claim”;· Together with the sebum, inflammation, oxidation and microbiome axes, it completes a full care loop.
Sources: Condrò G, et al. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023;16(12):1704 (TEWL background); Xu Q, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023;12(5):1070 (tight-junction proteins, Grade B); AcneZero MSDS v1.1 (safety, Grade A).
04
Botanical Actives in Focus
Seven botanicals, seven scientific profiles: botanical origin, marker actives, key literature evidence, and each one’s role in the five-axis system.
In this chapter ｜ Bioflavonoids · Salvia · Silymarin · Olive leaf · Mahonia · Gardenia fruit · Stevia
Bioflavonoids: Dual Inflammation–Oxidation Management from the Polyphenol Family
04 BOTANICAL ACTIVES ｜ BIOFLAVONOIDS
Citrus fruits are a classic source of bioflavonoids (illustrative image)
| INCI | Bioflavonoids |
| CAS | 61788-55-4 |
| Role in system | Dual support: inflammation · oxidation |
Structure determines activity: flavonoids’ radical-scavenging capacity is directly tied to molecular structure — the C2–C3 double bond, the 4-carbonyl group and ortho-dihydroxyl groups are the key features of efficient scavengers; the ranking follows a clear structure–activity relationship (e.g., rutin > quercetin > morin > hesperidin, system-dependent).
Quercetin: direct evidence in acne-inflammation models｜ Grade BIn C. acnes-stimulated keratinocytes and immune cells it inhibited cytokines and downregulated TLR2／MAPK／MMP-9, with in vivo validation in a mouse-ear model (Int Immunopharmacol, 2021).
Baicalin: parallel evidence in a rabbit-ear acne model｜ Grade BRNA-seq showed baicalin reduced rabbit-ear acne lesions, lowered serum TNF-α／IL-1β／IL-6／IL-8, and broadly suppressed TNF signaling (J Tradit Chin Med Sci, 2019).
Why flavonoids are the “infrastructure” of anti-blemish blends: one molecular family covers both radical scavenging (Axis 3) and inflammatory-signal inhibition (Axis 2), with structural diversity, wide sourcing and a long safety record — making bioflavonoids a natural hub connecting the axes. The human anti-acne study of EGCG (J Invest Dermatol, 2013) further proves the clinical feasibility of the polyphenol pathway.
Sources: Zhang DQ, Tai JX, Fu Q. Research and application of bioflavonoids. Food and Fermentation Industries. 1999;25(6):52-57; Lim HJ, et al. 2021; Yang X, et al. J Tradit Chin Med Sci. 2019;6(3):201-210; Yoon JY, et al. 2013 (all Grade-B ingredient literature)
Salvia Miltiorrhiza Extract: A Dual Blockade of Microbes and Inflammation
04 BOTANICAL ACTIVES ｜ SALVIA MILTIORRHIZA
Dried Salvia miltiorrhiza root (illustrative image)
| INCI | Salvia Miltiorrhiza Extract |
| CAS | 90106-50-6 |
| Role in system | Dual axes: microbiome · inflammation |
Marker actives: tanshinones (lipophilic diterpene quinones) and salvianolic acids (water-soluble phenolic acids).
Microbiome axis｜ Grade B A 2025 Fitoterapia review systematically summarized tanshinones’ molecular mechanisms against acne, including inhibitory activity against C. acnes (including resistant strains) and anti-biofilm effects — together with berberine forming the product’s plant-derived antimicrobial combination.
Inflammation axis｜ Grade B Tanshinone IIA concentration-dependently inhibited MCP-1, IL-6, TNF-α and NO via the TLR4／TAK1／NF-κB pathway (Int J Mol Med, 2019).
Tanshinone IIA’s interception levels in inflammatory signaling
↓ TLR4 → ↓ p-TAK1 → ↓ NF-κB nuclear translocation → ↓ Inflammatory factors
Reading the diagram: tanshinone IIA suppresses three levels simultaneously — receptor (TLR4), kinase (TAK1) and transcription factor (NF-κB). This is the “multi-interception-point” design embodied within a single ingredient (Meng et al. 2019, LPS cell model).
Sources: Zhang T, et al. Tanshinone in acne therapeutics. Fitoterapia. 2025 (review); Meng Z, et al. Int J Mol Med. 2019;43(4):1847-1858. DOI:10.3892/ijmm.2019.4100 (Grade-B ingredient literature)
Silymarin: The Antioxidant Mainstay with Human Clinical Data
04 BOTANICAL ACTIVES ｜ SILYMARIN
Data redrawn from J Drugs Dermatol. 2024: lesion and oiliness endpoints from the monotherapy study (n=56, 12 weeks); erythema / dryness / scaling from the combination-regimen tolerability study (n=40). The studies also reported reduced lipid peroxidation and improved post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Milk thistle (Silybum marianum)
A second human study (0.5% silymarin serum): 22 subjects with mild-to-moderate acne, 4 weeks: mGAGS score, lesion counts and melanin index decreased significantly, with no adverse events (J Cosmet Dermatol, 2023).
Role in AcneZero:● The human-evidence anchor of the oxidative-stress axis: anti-lipid-peroxidation maps directly onto the squalene-peroxidation mechanism;● The melanin-index reduction connects to the post-blemish tone-care narrative (see Chapter 5);● Its typical value in the ingredient list is 0.5% — the same order of magnitude as the concentrations used in clinical studies (Grade-A formula fact).
Sources: A silymarin antioxidant serum improves facial acne alone and as part of a treatment regimen. J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(4). DOI:10.36849/JDD.8120; Kim J, et al. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023;22(2):561-568. DOI:10.1111/jocd.15439 (Grade-B ingredient literature, not clinical data on this product)
Olive Leaf Extract: A Polyphenol Carrier for Sebum–Inflammation Dual Regulation
04 BOTANICAL ACTIVES ｜ OLIVE LEAF
Olive branches and leaves (illustrative image)
| INCI | Canarium Album Leaf Extract |
| CAS | — |
| Role in system | Sebum · inflammation · oxidation |
Sebocyte evidence｜ Grade C (literature species Olea europaea, extrapolation reference)A 2026 study (SEB-1 human sebocytes): olive leaf extract significantly inhibited linoleic-acid-induced lipid accumulation without cytotoxicity; downregulated AKT／ERK phosphorylation and PPAR-γ／SREBP-1 expression; and reduced IL-8, TNF-α and PGE2 in C. acnes- or UVB-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes (Curr Issues Mol Biol, 2026).
Antioxidant evidence for the marker compound oleuropein｜ Grade CProteomics showed oleuropein downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulated antioxidant defenses in H₂O₂-stimulated HaCaT cells (2025); oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol are skin-permeable elastase／collagenase inhibitors with synergistic antioxidant activity in human dermal fibroblasts (Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2022).
Evidence boundary (scientific integrity):· The in vitro studies above used Olea europaea leaf; this product uses Canarium album leaf extract, and the data serve as a reference from related olive-leaf polyphenol research (Grade-C reasonable extrapolation), not as direct measurements on this ingredient in the product;· In the same study, no direct antibacterial activity was detected for this extraction process — the product therefore positions olive leaf for sebum regulation, anti-inflammation and antioxidant support, while the microbiome axis is carried by Mahonia, Salvia and silymarin;· This is exactly the point of the five-axis division of labor: let each ingredient do what its evidence does best.
Sources: Kim J, et al. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2026;48(6):549. DOI:10.3390/cimb48060549; Li H, et al. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2022;73(4):460-470; INCI information: AcneZero Ingredient List (Grade A)
Mahonia Fortunei: The Botanical Source of Berberine
04 BOTANICAL ACTIVES ｜ MAHONIA
Mahonia plant (image source: Wikimedia Commons)
| INCI | Mahonia Fortunei (Chinese mahonia) Extract |
| CAS | — |
| Role in system | Core of the microbiome axis |
Botanical basis (patent literature): Chinese patent CN1069493A records that Mahonia (Berberidaceae) rhizomes contain 1.5–2.4% berberine, and the refining process described therein achieves 98.1% berberine purity — a clear documentary basis for Mahonia as a botanical source of berberine.
Berberine’s anti-acne evidence: in vitro MIC 6.25–12.5 μg/mL, anti-biofilm activity, downregulation of cell-wall synthesis genes, and anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse-ear model (see Chapter 3, Axis 4); inhibition of lipid synthesis and NF-κB in SZ95 sebocytes (see Chapter 3, Axis 1).
Same-genus support｜ Grade B: bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids from Mahonia aquifolium show lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition and anti-lipid-peroxidation activity, highly correlated with each other (r=0.9533) — suggesting the genus’s alkaloids combine microbiome-management and antioxidant potential (Pharmazie, 1996).
Sources: Liao ZJ. Process for extracting and refining berberine from Mahonia. Chinese patent CN1069493A, published 1993-03-03; Bezáková L, et al. Pharmazie. 1996;51(10):758-761; Sun L, et al. 2023; J Inflamm Res. 2025 (Grade-B ingredient literature)
Gardenia Fruit Extract: The Bridge from Anti-Inflammation to Post-Blemish Care
04 BOTANICAL ACTIVES ｜ GARDENIA FRUIT
Dried gardenia fruits (illustrative image)
| INCI | Gardenia Jasminoides Fruit Extract |
| CAS | 92457-01-7 |
| Role in system | Inflammation axis · post-blemish care |
Gardenia fruit extract (GJE)｜ Grade B Significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α release via TLR4／NKAP signaling downregulation, with anti-inflammatory activity validated in an in vivo zebrafish model (Exp Ther Med, 2021).
Geniposide (marker compound)｜ Grade B Acts downstream of TLR4 to inhibit NF-κB p65 and MAPK pathways, exerting anti-inflammatory effects in animal inflammation models (Inflammation, 2014).
Crocetin (gardenia-derived active)｜ Grade B In B16F10 melanoma cells it inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis, downregulated tyrosinase and MITF proteins and scavenged ROS — pointing to the post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) management chain (Anticancer Agents Med Chem, 2018).
| Gardenia fruit’s “two-phase” value: acute and recovery | |
|---|---|
| Acute phase (inflammation management)GJE / geniposide inhibit the TLR4–NF-κB／MAPK cascade, reducing IL-1β／IL-6／TNF-α release and easing the driving signals of redness and swelling. | Recovery phase (post-blemish care)Crocetin inhibits the tyrosinase–MITF axis and scavenges ROS, intervening upstream of melanin synthesis in the dark-mark formation chain (see Chapter 5). |
Sources: Chen J, et al. Exp Ther Med. 2021;22(1):700. DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10132; Song X, et al. Inflammation. 2014;37:1588-1598; Hashemi-Shahri S, et al. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2018 (Grade-B ingredient literature)
Stevia Leaf/Stem Extract: A Sweet Answer for Barrier and Soothing
04 BOTANICAL ACTIVES ｜ STEVIA
Stevia rebaudiana plant (illustrative image)
| INCI | Stevia Rebaudiana Leaf/Stem Extract |
| CAS | 91722-21-3 |
| Role in system | Barrier · soothing · antioxidant |
Stevioside (marker compound)｜ Grade B At 250 μM in cell models, stevioside showed a triple “antioxidant + anti-inflammatory + barrier” effect:· Antioxidant: ↓ROS, ↓MDA; ↑T-SOD, ↑CAT, ↑GSH-Px;· Anti-inflammatory: ↓IL-6, ↓IL-8, ↓TNF-α; ↓NF-κB／IκB／ERK1/2 phosphorylation;· Barrier: ↑claudin-1, ↑occludin, ↑ZO-1 tight-junction proteins (Antioxidants, 2023).
Immunomodulatory support｜ Grade B Stevioside activates AMPK and suppresses macrophage inflammatory responses (Molecules, 2021); 1 mM stevioside inhibited NF-κB in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells (summarized in a 2023 review).
Why stevia is the “finishing ingredient” of the five-axis system: what anti-blemish formulas most often overlook is user experience and barrier consequences. With the highest typical value among the botanicals in the ingredient list (5%), stevia leaf/stem extract carries the soothing and barrier-support role: tight-junction upregulation directly answers the impaired-barrier fact of elevated TEWL in blemish-prone skin, closing the loop of “efficacy” and “mildness” within one formula.
Sources: Xu Q, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023;12(5):1070. DOI:10.3390/antiox12051070; Wei F, et al. Molecules. 2021;26(4):858; content: AcneZero Ingredient List (Grade A)
05
Synergy · Claims · Applications
Translating ingredient evidence into market language: the synergy matrix, an evidence-graded claims system, the post-blemish care chain and application scenarios — every claim traceable to its source.
In this chapter ｜ 7 botanicals × 5 axes synergy matrix · Claims & evidence grading · Post-blemish care · Applications · B2B value
Seven Botanicals × Five Axes: The Synergy Matrix at a Glance
05 SYNERGY·CLAIMS·APPLICATIONS ｜ SYNERGY MATRIX
| Ingredient | A1 Sebum | A2 Inflammation | A3 Oxidation | A4 Microbiome | A5 Barrier & soothing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mahonia (berberine) | ● | ● | ○ | ● | |
| Salvia (tanshinones) | ● | ○ | ● | ||
| Silymarin | ○ | ○ | ● | ○ | ● |
| Olive leaf (polyphenols) | ● | ● | ● | ||
| Bioflavonoids | ● | ● | ○ | ||
| Gardenia fruit (geniposide / crocetin) | ● | ○ | ● | ||
| Stevia (stevioside) | ○ | ● | ● |
● Ingredient-level literature evidence for that axis (mainly Grade B; Grade-C extrapolation for olive leaf) ○ Indirect or auxiliary support (e.g., same-genus evidence, review support, associated endpoints in human studies) — The matrix summarizes the literature cited in Chapters 3–4; it is not the result of finished-product efficacy testing.
Matrix source: all ingredient literature cited in this material (see References); composition: AcneZero Ingredient List (Grade A).
The Claims System: Every Claim Has Its Evidence Coordinates
05 SYNERGY·CLAIMS·APPLICATIONS ｜ CLAIMS & EVIDENCE GRADING
| Market claim (cosmetics framework) | Supporting logic | Key sources | Grade |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil Control | Berberine inhibits FASN／DGAT1 and lipid secretion in sebocytes; olive leaf modulates SREBP-1／PPAR-γ (Grade-C extrapolation) | J Inflamm Res. 2025; CIMB. 2026 | B／C |
| Blemish-Prone Skin Care | Berberine in vitro MIC／MBC, anti-biofilm and mouse-ear model; tanshinone antimicrobial review | Front Microbiol. 2023; Fitoterapia. 2025 | B |
| Soothing | Quercetin, tanshinone IIA, gardenia fruit and stevioside inhibit the TLR–NF-κB cascade at multiple levels | See the evidence matrix in Chapter 3 | B |
| Antioxidant Defense | Silymarin human study reduces lipid peroxidation; stevioside ↑antioxidant enzymes; flavonoid structure–activity relationship | JDD. 2024; Antioxidants. 2023 | B |
| Microbiome Balance | Non-antibiotic, plant-derived antimicrobial strategy managing C. acnes overgrowth and biofilms | Front Microbiol. 2023 | B |
| Barrier Support + Post-Blemish Tone Care | Stevioside upregulates tight-junction proteins; silymarin human study improves melanin index; crocetin inhibits tyrosinase | Antioxidants. 2023; J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023 | B |
Evidence grading: A = AcneZero’s own product data (MSDS safety, ingredient list); B = published ingredient literature (cell / animal / human, models as stated in the original papers); C = reasonable extrapolation from ingredient information. Finished-product efficacy verification is recommended before making finished-product claims.
Claim boundary: the above is a cosmetics efficacy narrative framework (blemish-prone skin care / oil control / soothing / microbiome balance / antioxidant / barrier & post-blemish tone care) and does not constitute drug or therapeutic claims.
The Post-Blemish Care Chain: Full Coverage from Inflammation to Dark Marks
05 SYNERGY·CLAIMS·APPLICATIONS ｜ POST-BLEMISH CARE
The formation chain of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) and its intervention points
Inflammatory cascade (IL／TNF-α) → Oxidative-stress amplification → Tyrosinase／MITF activation → Melanin deposition · dark marks
Intervention point ①: silymarin (human evidence)In a 4-week human study of a 0.5% silymarin serum (n=22), acne severity scores and lesion counts fell while the skin melanin index decreased significantly (J Cosmet Dermatol, 2023); a 2024 human study (n=56) reported improved post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and reduced lipid peroxidation (J Drugs Dermatol, 2024).
Intervention point ②: crocetin (mechanistic evidence)Gardenia-derived crocetin inhibited tyrosinase activity and reduced melanin synthesis in B16F10 cells, downregulated tyrosinase and MITF protein expression and scavenged ROS — intervening upstream of melanin synthesis in dark-mark formation (Anticancer Agents Med Chem, 2018).
The complete narrative: inflammation management (Axis 2) reduces the upstream drive of PIH, antioxidant defense (Axis 3) blocks the amplification step, and silymarin plus gardenia provide human and mechanistic evidence for dark-mark care — AcneZero places “fighting acne” and “post-blemish recovery” within the same ingredient logic, giving brands a full-cycle product story from the acute phase to recovery.
Sources: Kim J, et al. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023;22(2):561-568; J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(4). DOI:10.36849/JDD.8120; Hashemi-Shahri S, et al. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2018 (Grade-B ingredient literature)
Applications: From the Facial Core to Extended Scenarios
05 SYNERGY·CLAIMS·APPLICATIONS ｜ APPLICATIONS
| Facial care (core scenario) | Body care | Scalp care (extended research direction) |
|---|---|---|
| · Blemish-care serum: the lead format for the full five-axis story· Oil-control lotion / gel: sebum management + microbiome balance· Soothing repair mask: inflammation management + barrier support· Post-blemish tone-care serum: the silymarin + gardenia PIH evidence chain· Targeted spot care: high-concentration multi-pathway positioning | · Back / chest blemish care: sebaceous-dense areas — a natural extension of the oil-control + microbiome narrative· Body mist / toner: water solubility suits large-area formats (Grade-A formula fact: water-soluble at 20°C)· Post-workout refreshing care: oil and microbiome management scenarios | · The scalp is likewise a sebum- and microbe-dominated ecosystem: Malassezia-mediated sebum peroxidation products (squalene monohydroperoxide, MDA) are among the triggers of dandruff (literature background)· AcneZero’s sebum-management, antioxidant and microbiome ingredient logic is mechanistically transferable to scalp scenarios· Positioning note: this is an extended research direction based on published literature; the MSDS defines the product’s use as a cosmetic skincare ingredient, and scalp applications require separate evaluation and validation |
Formulation fit: the water-based (water-soluble) vehicle suits serums, toners, masks and gels; recommended pH, heat/light stability and specific compatibility parameters should be confirmed with the PuriPharm technical team — this material does not invent a recommended dosage.
Scalp background: DeAngelis YM, et al. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2005;10(3):295-297; product use and solubility: AcneZero MSDS v1.1 (Grade A).
B2B Partnership Value: A One-Stop, Multi-Pathway Anti-Blemish Solution
05 SYNERGY·CLAIMS·APPLICATIONS ｜ PARTNERSHIP VALUE
| For brands: a complete science story | For formulators: clear engineering parameters | Regulatory & documentation support |
|---|---|---|
| · The five-axis mechanism + synergy matrix converts directly into product-page and detail-page storytelling· Every claim carries an evidence grade, standing up to regulatory and platform review· A full-cycle product-line imagination “from the acute phase to post-blemish recovery” | · Water-soluble (20°C), friendly to water-based formats· 4–25°C light-protected storage, routine supply-chain management· MSDS data showing no skin and no eye irritation, reducing the safety-assessment burden (Grade A) | · Listed in China’s Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (IECIC)· Complete INCI / CAS information; transparent, traceable ingredient list· MSDS v1.1 and supporting technical documents for export and multi-market compliance assessment· The ingredient literature pack (References) supports claim filing and content review |
CONTACT ｜ Business & Technical Inquiries
PuriPharm Co., Ltd.Web www.puriactives.comEmail service@puripharm.comTel +86-572-2745768Address 7F, Building 6E, No. 1366 Hongfeng Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
Product specifications and regulatory information: AcneZero MSDS v1.1 (Grade A); contact details: official company materials. Please contact the technical team for recommended dosage and finished-product efficacy verification plans.
References & Documentary Basis
REFERENCES
- Cong TX, Hao D, Wen X, et al. From pathogenesis of acne vulgaris to anti-acne agents. Arch Dermatol Res. 2019;311(5):337-349. DOI:10.1007/s00403-019-01908-x
- Dréno B, et al. Cutibacterium acnes and acne vulgaris: a brief look at the latest updates. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018;32(Suppl 2):5-14.
- Condrò G, Sciortino R, Perugini P. Squalene peroxidation and biophysical parameters in acne-prone skin: a pilot “in vivo” study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023;16(12):1704. DOI:10.3390/ph16121704
- Sun L, Yu Q, Peng F, et al. The antibacterial activity of berberine against Cutibacterium acnes: its therapeutic potential in inflammatory acne. Front Microbiol. 2023;14:1276383. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1276383
- Berberine inhibits acne-related lipid secretion and inflammation by regulating the hsa-miR-3150a-3p/TP53 pathway. J Inflamm Res. 2025.
- Lim HJ, Kang SH, Song YJ, et al. Inhibitory effect of quercetin on Propionibacterium acnes-induced skin inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol. 2021;96:107557. DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107557
- A silymarin antioxidant serum improves facial acne alone and as part of a treatment regimen. J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(4). DOI:10.36849/JDD.8120
- Kim J, et al. Efficacy and safety of silymarin containing antioxidant serum as an adjuvant treatment of mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023;22(2):561-568. DOI:10.1111/jocd.15439
- Yoon JY, Kwon HH, Min SU, et al. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate improves acne in humans by modulating intracellular molecular targets and inhibiting P. acnes. J Invest Dermatol. 2013;133(2):429-440.
- Kim J, Jo YW, Bang WJ, et al. Olive leaf extract suppresses sebogenesis and inflammation via AKT/ERK and SREBP-1/PPAR-γ signaling in human sebocytes. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2026;48(6):549. DOI:10.3390/cimb48060549
- Chen J, et al. Anti-inflammatory activities of Gardenia jasminoides extracts in retinal pigment epithelial cells and zebrafish embryos. Exp Ther Med. 2021;22(1):700. DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10132
- Song X, et al. Geniposide plays an anti-inflammatory role via regulating TLR4 and downstream signaling pathways in lipopolysaccharide-induced mastitis in mice. Inflammation. 2014;37:1588-1598. DOI:10.1007/s10753-014-9885-2
- Xu Q, et al. Stevioside improves antioxidant capacity and intestinal barrier function. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023;12(5):1070. DOI:10.3390/antiox12051070
- Wei F, et al. Stevioside activates AMPK to suppress inflammation in macrophages. Molecules. 2021;26(4):858. DOI:10.3390/molecules26040858
- Meng Z, Si CY, Teng S, et al. Tanshinone IIA inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses through the TLR4/TAK1/NF-κB signaling pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells. Int J Mol Med. 2019;43(4):1847-1858. DOI:10.3892/ijmm.2019.4100
- Zhang T, et al. Tanshinone in acne therapeutics: integrating molecular mechanisms, drug development, and multimodal treatment strategies. Fitoterapia. 2025.
- Yang X, Huang G, You L, et al. High-throughput RNA sequencing reveals the anti-inflammatory mechanism of baicalin on Propionibacterium acnes-induced acne in rabbits. J Tradit Chin Med Sci. 2019;6(3):201-210.
- Bezáková L, et al. Lipoxygenase inhibition and antioxidant properties of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids isolated from Mahonia aquifolium. Pharmazie. 1996;51(10):758-761.
- Hashemi-Shahri S, et al. ROS-scavenging and anti-tyrosinase properties of crocetin on B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2018.
- Mezei M, Gulasekharam V. Liposomes — a selective drug delivery system for the topical route of administration: gel dosage form. Life Sci. 1980;26:1473-1477.
- Li H, et al. Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol as skin-permeable elastase/collagenase inhibitors with synergistic antioxidant activity in human skin fibroblasts. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2022;73(4):460-470.
- DeAngelis YM, et al. Three etiologic facets of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis: Malassezia fungi, sebaceous lipids, and individual sensitivity. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2005;10(3):295-297.
- Zhang DQ, Tai JX, Fu Q. Research and application of bioflavonoids. Food and Fermentation Industries. 1999;25(6):52-57. (In Chinese)
- Liao ZJ. Process for extracting and refining berberine from Mahonia. Chinese patent CN1069493A, published 1993-03-03. (In Chinese)
Internal company documents (Grade-A factual basis): PuriPharm AcneZero MSDS v1.1 (2019-07-13); AcneZero Ingredient List.
From single-target anti-acneto multi-pathway blemish-prone skin management.
PuriActives® AcneZero — Seven botanicals × phospholipid-based active system × five axes
PuriPharm Co., Ltd. ｜ INNOVATION FOR HEALTH & BEAUTYwww.puriactives.com ｜ service@puripharm.com ｜ +86-572-2745768 ｜ Huzhou, Zhejiang, China